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Alkylation
Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion or a carbene (or their equivalents).〔March Jerry; (1985). Advanced Organic Chemistry reactions, mechanisms and structure (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, inc. ISBN 0-471-85472-7〕 An alkyl group is a piece of a molecule with the general formula CnH2n+1, where n is the integer depicting the number of carbons linked together. For example, a methyl group (CH3) is a fragment of a methane molecule (CH4); n = 1 in this case.Alkylating agents Utilize selective alkylation, by adding the desired aliphatic carbon chain to the previously chosen starting molecule. This is one of many known chemical syntheses.
In oil refining contexts, alkylation refers to a particular alkylation of isobutane with olefins. For upgrading of petroleum, alkylation produces synthetic C7–C8 alkylate, which is a premium blending stock for gasoline.
In medicine, alkylation of DNA is used in chemotherapy to damage the DNA of cancer cells. Alkylation is accomplished with the class of drugs called alkylating antineoplastic agents.
==Alkylating agents==
Alkylating agents are classified according to their nucleophilic or electrophilic character.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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